Teaching of Physics Courses in Epochs of Pandemic: Tablet versus Blackboard

Because the pandemic of Covid-19, lectures and classes have demanded to employ the latest technologies to present an educational session as an online session. For example, universities courses have required that instructors have kept the quality of teaching by employing electronic tools that to some extent can replace the classical blackboard with a high fidelity. In this manner, mostly educators have used electronic tablets as e-blackboard, particularly when mathematical and physics are passing through the chapters where equations and specific demonstrations of equations are needed to convince students some laws of nature. This paper discusses in a quantitatively manner the usage of tactile technologies to teach Physics in pandemic epochs. © 2022 ACM.

The Management of a Private Peruvian University at Pandemic Times: Assessment of Decisions and Implications on the Key Indicators

The management of a private Peruvian university along the period 2020-2021 is presented. Special attention has been paid on the qualitative angle in the sense that were described the main actions by which have had as central point the continuity of academic activities without the breaking of communications in the form top-down between the general manager and students. Essentially all actions have targeted to keep the quality of education in all the levels. The paper presents the general methodology that has consisted in the support of university to the universe of students in order that most of them continue in their program. Therefore, the management was not only the one applied to the university apparatus itself but also in to surpass the big obstacles such as the massive desertion of students in a critic epoch where Lima city has exhibited large peaks of infections as well as fatalities at the first and the second wave of pandemic at the first semester of 2021. Noteworthy actions have been taken by the general manager to conserve the desired harmony at the university even when communications have been done through the remote mode. The conclusion from the analysis of this paper is finally given. © 2022 ACM.

Theory and Simulation of Multipurpose Antenna for Detection and Degrading of Viruses in Times of Pandemic

This paper present a theoretical model that aims to minimize the capabilities of viruses in public places through engineered electromagnetic fields. Thus, the modeling of antenna based at the infinitesimal dipole is used. In addition fields and directivity at the far field region are calculated. This proposal empathizes the fact that the radiated energy will affect the spike protein of viruses. In this manner the functionality of virus as to produce infection would be minimized. Simulations of the radiate electric field are presented. © 2022 IEEE.

Machine Learning and Bayes Probability For Detecting Camouflaged Mini Pandemic at the Waves of Covid-19

This paper present a methodology based at Machine Learning and a theory backed by the Bayes probability to identify rare strains that might not be in coherence with the corona virus. By using the criteria of Tom Mitchell applied on the data belonging to 2021-2022 period, the distributions of infections registered at the beginning of 2022 would not be in accordance to waves of pandemic as seen at 2020 and 2021. Therefore, algorithm of Machine Learning has yielded that the so-called Omicron variant would no be coherent with known mutations neither exhibiting same pattern of previous waves of pandemic. This creates a space to speculate about the origin of new strains that are camouflaged to central corona virus. From the results of this work, it is observed that Omicron might have nothing to do with Covid-19 pandemic, instead it have triggered a small pandemic of short duration as validated by global data. © 2022 IEEE.

The Approach of Machine Learning to Optimize the Bank-Customer Interaction at Pandemic Epochs

Along the pandemic created by the Corona virus 2019 (Covid-19 in shorthand), the global economy was observed to experience various turbulent months that were reflected by the increasing of unemployment and the apparition of a procrastinator behavior in all those customers that received a loan at the months before the beginning of pandemic. Because the apparition of pandemic was totally random, it had effects on the micro-economy that in most cases have turned out on the cuts of salaries. From a basic modeling of loan and Gaussian approach, the criteria of Mitchell are employed. The resulting simulations have yielded that up to a 50% of loaned volume of cash would be recovery. It was found that entropic situations would be in part a cause for the deficient management of loans in epochs of pandemic and crisis. © 2022 IEEE.

Theoretical Proposal of an Internet of Pandemic Things Network Based at the Sensing of Proteins and Emission of Radiation in Outdoor Spaces

Commonly in pandemic times, curfew and social restrictions are applied in order to minimize the infections. As seen recently at the beginning of Covid-19 it was required that people avoid public spaces because the risk of infection due to transmission through aerosols. This paper proposes a theory of Internet of Pandemic Things Network that consists in four fundamental steps: (i) Bio-sensing of virus in open places, (ii) Sending to the network of report about the virus characteristics, (iii) Emission of innocuous radiation within a limited spatial coverage and (iv) checking out of radiated area if apt for public usage. In this manner equations from classical electrodynamics are derived in closed-form. Essentially it is presented a theory that aims to neutralize electrically charged proteins of virus in open places. Simulations based at this are presented. © 2022 IEEE.

Is Omicron Belonging to the Corona Virus Family? A Physics-based Note

Commonly in High Energy Physics (HEP) it is applied a set of cuts to discriminate the background events from the searched signal. In order to claim any discovery the signal should be big enough in comparison to noise. In this paper this procedure is approximately done to study the behavior of the statistics of infections by the variant called Omicron and the previous ones at the period 2020-2022 inside the context of the pandemic of Covid-19. Under the HEP view, Omicron would be the signal whereas all others fit well their role as background. This allows to claim that Omicron might not be directly linked to the Corona virus family in according to analysis presented at this study. © 2022 IEEE.

Targeting the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein with the Usage of an Internet of Viral and Bacterial Things

This paper proposes a methodology in which an electromagnetic pulse can be isotropically radiated on those places where there is a huge accumulation of infected aerosols that have been exhaled. To accomplish this end, a network of Internet Protocols are simultaneously working either sensing through a transducer and on the other side a source of radiation at innocuous frequencies to living beings. While the 3C-like protease (protein) as part of Corona virus contains ions in their tails, then the interaction ion-field might to minimize capabilities of virus while it is in the aerosol and thus minimize capabilities to produce the public infection when the aerosols have been inhaled. Indeed, the prospective implementation of reconfigurable walls might to deplete in a large fraction the virus indoor particularly in those places where face-to-face activities are needed even at pandemic epochs. © 2022 IEEE.

Evidence of Shannon Entropy Diffusion Along Central Europe at the Covid-19 Pandemic

At the end of 2021, a 4th wave of Corona Virus 2019 (Covid-19 in short) pandemic has emerged at Germany against the expectations after a vaccination program that could have reached a 3/4 of German population (to date). It is actually interesting that the peak of infections at the third week of November is twice than the second wave as seen at data one year ago despite that at that times the vaccination scheme was still modest. This paper focuses at Germany and its ongoing wave that is perceived as a consequence of a type of entropy because the mobility of virus and infections. In addition the consequences of this entropy and the possible correlation at the neighbors countries such as Austria and Czech are analyzed. © 2022 IEEE.

The Double-slit experiment and Feynman Amplitudes to Interpret the Rise of Omicron at the Covid-19 Pandemic at 2022

As perceived at mostly countries, after the 3th or 4th wave of Covid-19 pandemic, its potential end might be coming. In contrast to previous waves, the last one exhibits different characteristics such as a highly exponential behavior or also a sharped Gauss behavior as seen at the huge number of infections at America and Europe. In this paper is proposed the idea that the whole pandemic is clearly composed by a sinusoid and Gaussian functions. This claim is based at the world-wide data that exhbits a similar shape with the proposed scheme at this study. Thus, the pandemic can also be seen as a signal-noise being the Omicron variant the signal whereas the previous mutations can be seen as their background events or noise. © 2022 IEEE.

Entropy of Shannon from Geometrical Modeling of Covid-19 Infections Data: The Cases of USA and India

Between the end of second semester of 2020 and along the first semester of 2021, Covid-19 has had a strong impact on United States and India as seen at the official statistics exhibiting a big number of new infections as well as fatalities, particularly India that have had sharp peaks at March 2021. The present paper addresses the question if there is a entropic nature in these cases from an intuitive model based at simple geometries that adjust well the histograms of new infections versus time. Although the geometry-based models might not be satisfactory in all, it provides a view that would lead to answer intrinsic questions related to the highest peaks of pandemic if these have a nature cause or are strongly related to disorder as dictated by Shannon’s entropy for instance. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Corona Virus and Entropy of Shannon at the Cardiac Cycle: A Mathematical Model

Along the weeks of symptoms due Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19 in short), patients are exhibiting an inverse relation between Oxygen saturation and beats per minute. Thus, the scenarios of the highest cardiac pulse might be against of an acceptable recovery of patient that in some cases would need of an extra assessment with Cardiologist in order to discard arrhythmias that would emerge due to the unknown effects of Corona Virus in the cardiac muscle. Therefore the increasing of Oxygen saturation is seen as a rapid action to be taken in the shortest periods. In this paper, a theoretical proposal entirely based in the interrelation among Oxygen, cardiac pulse and weight of is presented. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Probabilities of Risk Due to Random Aerosol Displacement and Aleatory Social Distancing

With the apparition of Corona Virus Disease (Covid-19 in short) a plethora of mechanisms have emerged in order to protect people. One of them is the well-known social distancing that is a global protocol that has emerged in 2020 in order to be applied in pandemic times. The protocol persists to date event when people have got the vaccine because the mutation of virus and the risk to be infected again. Commonly these distances have been established to be in the range of distances between 1.5 and 2.0 meters, that in a first instance would guarantee a common and healthy interaction among people. Although very little information on the calculation of this is known, this paper proposes a theory by the which the social distancing might be strongly dependent on stochastic events, so that this study deepens the origin with respect the true or approximated value of social distancing. Simulations and estimations are presented. © 2021 IEEE.

Universal Estimation of an Intercity Social Distancing in Covid-19 Epochs

In pandemic times, in most countries the closing of airports and local as well as international flights are done in a coherent manner that allow people to improve their decisions respect to the mobility that might emerge in each case. Once that travelers have moved to a different country or city, it is mandatory that all of them have an updated knowledge of the ongoing pandemic whose main variable is the number of infections at time and certain geographic area. In this paper, an universal algorithm that underlines its usage in different places is presented. With this the estimation error is also provided. The purpose of this study is to provide a theory inside a framework of applications for smartphone to provide information about the places with infections, vaccination rate and fatalities. This might be of relevance for travelers that can carry out spatial displacements with certain security by empowering them to improve their daily objectives still at pandemic times. © 2022 IEEE.

Theory and Parameterization of Infections and Waves by Covid-19: A 6-Countries Data Analysis

From data of USA, Japan, Germany, UK, Italy and Russian, it is claimed that the Global pandemic dictated by the dynamics of Corona virus exhibits distributions that would correspond to a morphology of Bessel-like type. Under the assumption that the pandemic contains phases of infection denoted by the velocity and acceleration of propagation of virus, then a model of polynomials given by the integer-order Bessel functions is proposed. These polynomials enter in a statistical approach to define the law of infections as function of time for the ongoing global pandemic. From this, the data evolution and their different behaviors are interpreted in terms of the different phases including the Delta variant for the recent months until August 2021.

Predictive Theory of Covid-19 infections at European countries through Bessel functions: Past and present

The data of infections by Covid-19 is modeled through the integer-order Bessel functions that have been parametrized in according to the morphology of data. In particular, the modeling is focused on official data belonging to UK, Germany, Italy and Netherlands. The free parameters of model have been coherently linked to data. Interestingly, it was seen that a”silent period” with the lowest cases of infections play a relevant role for new pandemics as well as the apparition of new strains, such as the most recent”delta-variant”. © 2021 IEEE.

Geometrical Schemes as Probabilistic and Entropic Tools to Estimate Duration and Peaks of Pandemic Waves

At the end of first quarter of 2020 it was seen in most countries statistics the beginning of an imminent second wave of pandemic. On January of 2021 it was seen in the data a rapid growth of new infections. In this paper, a geometry-based scheme is presented. In concrete the rectangle and trapezoid shapes are analyzed. From this, a relation between both geometries is extracted in terms of polynomial functions. The resulting characterization of a pandemic in terms of geometric variables is presented. Thus the present model is confronted with official data of USA and India. From the results of this paper, it is strongly believed that entropy might be behind of a global pandemic dynamics. © 2021 IEEE.

Spreading of Corona Virus in Central Europe: The Cases of Italy and Spain and the Very Beginning of Pandemic

In this paper a mathematical model that focuses at the very beginning of pandemic at Europe is presented. In essence it is assumed that once the virus arrived to Italy then the geographical propagation was done through probabilistic rules among then to Spain. Because of this the model of propagation of Feynman in conjunction to Wiener schemes have been used to model the displacement of virus from Wuhan to Milan as well from Milan to Spain, as seen at the end of 2019 triggering the beginning of European pandemic at January of 2020. As seen at official data Italy and Spain have presented same statistics at the first months of local pandemic. From the usage of the proposed formalism, it is found that the country data are following Gaussian-like distributions due to the space-time propagation of virus. © 2021 IEEE.

Software Engineering for Estimation of Social Distancing in Pandemic Times

This paper present a model of software engineering to estimate the social distancing with realistic inputs. This might be incorporated in a smart-phone application in order to get an exact estimate of the values of social distancing in times of global pandemic. Attention is paid on the measurement of outdoor scenarios where wind velocity would play an important role to move the aerosols at distances beyond the known social distances. Thus, the dehydration time emerges also as a predictor of risk to get the infection of virus. The proposed software has capabilities to yield numeric values of risk in terms of probabilities. It is expected that once the associated computational program is running then the permanent assessment of potential scenarios would give concrete values of social distancing. In this manner one expects that these values are uploaded at an Internet network. © 2021 IEEE.

Pandemic of Covid-19 as Global Entropy: When Shannon Theory fits To-Date Data of New Infections

It is well-known that Coronavirus has been propagated due to human activities mainly based at intercontinental flights. Thus, in the first months of 2020, most new countries have already presented peaks in the number of infections, so that airports and borders were closed. With the social restrictions imposed along the beginning of second semester of 2020, the curve of cases of infections has exhibited to be flat in comparison to the beginning of 2020. Therefore, the human activities of end-of-year 2020 have caused againg peaks as the second wave of the pandemic in most countries. So far, by the end of 2021, most countries particularly located at Europe, are exhibiting the fourth wave. In this paper, the entropy of Shannon is considered as inherent mechanism and responsible of waves and large peaks of the number of infections. Modelling of data, the results of this paper suggest the inherent presence of a global entropy due to the transfer of randomness between neighboring countries. © 2021 IEEE.